Lub ntsiab Cheebtsam ntawm iav yog silicon dioxide (sio₂) thiab lwm yam oxides, xws li sodium oxide (caO), thiab lwm yam. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov iav zoo tib yam xws li:
Silicon Dioxide (sio₂): kwv yees li 70% rau 75%, nws yog qhov yooj yim ntawm cov iav, muab iav hardness thiab pob tshab.
Sodium oxide (Naispe): Kwv yees li 15%, uas pab txo qis lub suab me me thiab viscosity ntawm iav, ua rau nws yooj yim dua.
Calcium oxide (CAO): Txog 5% rau 10%, nce kev ruaj khov ntawm iav.
Ib qho ntxiv, cov iav sib xyaw ntawm cov iav tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li kev siv sib txawv los ua cov iav tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li:
Quartz iav: Lub ntsiab tivthaiv yog ntshiab silicon dioxide (sitio₂), uas muaj cov khoom siv kub siab heev thiab siv tshuaj lom neeg tsim khoom thiab cov twj siv kho tshiab.
Borosilicate iav: Muaj Boron oxide (b₂o₃), muaj qhov nthuav tawm feem ntau yog cov khoom siv kub thiab kub siv cov khoom siv thiab cua sov resistant iav cov khoom.
Lead iav: Muaj cov txhuas oxide (PBO), muaj lub peev xwm los thaiv cov duab xoo hluav taws xob, thiab yog siv hauv cov tshuab kho qhov muag thiab cov iav tiv thaiv.
Lub iav tsim khoom siv koom nrog melting raw cov ntaub ntawv xws li quartz xuab zeb, dej tshauv Cov txheej txheem no muab iav cov yam ntxwv ntawm amorphous inorganic cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog xim hlau thiab yog dav siv hauv kev tsim kho, cov rooj tog zaum, ntim khoom thiab lwm thaj chaw.
